Development of Neurosurgery

Neurosurgery can be roughly divided into the general neurosurgery period, the microsurgery period, and the transition to minimally invasive (minimally invasive) neurosurgery period, based on the development of surgical procedures. Among them, microsurgical neurosurgery, which continues from the past to the future, is still widely used as a mature technology worldwide. Since the introduction of surgical microscopes into neurosurgery, due to their excellent lighting, high clarity, and magnification of diseased tissues and adjacent structures in the surgical field; Combined with the use of bipolar electrocoagulation forceps, microsurgical instruments, laser knives, ultrasound suction, etc., the accuracy and accuracy of the surgery are improved, the chances of damaging adjacent important structures are reduced, the surgical treatment effect is significantly improved, and the surgical complications and mortality rate are significantly reduced. Therefore, neurosurgery surgery entered the era of microneurosurgery, transitioning from surgery under the naked eye and under a magnifying glass. Its application has expanded to almost all neurosurgery surgeries, such as intracranial aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, vascular reconstruction surgeries, intraventricular tumors, sellar region tumors, skull base tumors, as well as brain stem tumors and spinal cord tumors previously considered as surgical exclusion zones.